New insights into the history of domesticated and wild apricots and its contribution to Plum pox virus resistance
Дата
2016Автор
DECROOCQ, STEPHANE
CORNILLE, AMANDINE
TRICON, DAVID
BABAYEVA, SEVDA
CHAGUE, AURELIE
EYQUARD, JEAN-PHILIPPE
KARYCHEV, RAUL
DOLGIKH, SVETLANA
KOSTRITSYNA, TATIANA
LIU, SHUO
LIU, WEISHENG
GENG, WENJUAN
LIAO, KANG
M. ASMA, BAYRAM
AKPAROV, ZEYNAL
GIRAUD, TATIANA
DECROOCQ, VERONIQUE
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Studying domesticated species and their wild relatives allows understanding of the
mechanisms of population divergence and adaptation, and identifying valuable genetic
resources. Apricot is an important fruit in the Northern hemisphere, where it is threatened
by the Plum pox virus (PPV), causing the sharka disease. The histories of apricot
domestication and of its resistance to sharka are however still poorly understood. We
used 18 microsatellite markers to genotype a collection of 230 wild trees from Central
Asia and 142 cultivated apricots as representatives of the worldwide cultivated apricot
germplasm; we also performed experimental PPV inoculation tests. The genetic markers
revealed highest levels of diversity in Central Asian and Chinese wild and cultivated
apricots, confirming an origin in this region. In cultivated apricots, Chinese
accessions were differentiated from more Western accessions, while cultivated apricots
were differentiated from wild apricots. An approximate Bayesian approach indicated
that apricots likely underwent two independent domestication events, with bottlenecks,
from the same wild population. Central Asian native apricots exhibited genetic
subdivision and high frequency of resistance to sharka. Altogether, our results contribute
to the understanding of the domestication history of cultivated apricot and
point to valuable genetic diversity in the extant genetic resources of wild apricots.